Історична динаміка антропного виміру естетичного ідеалу в західноєвропейській культурі

Вернигора, Надія Миколаївна

Історична динаміка антропного виміру естетичного ідеалу в західноєвропейській культурі

Вернигора, Надія Миколаївна

URI: http://elib.nakkkim.edu.ua/handle/123456789/2232

Date: 2006

Abstract:

В дисертації розглядається малодосліджена у вітчизняній та світовій науці проблема. Зародження, формування і развиток антропного виміру естетичного ідеалу показано в історичній динаміці - від античності до початку ХХ століття. Визначені об’єктивні тенденції і закономірності домінування в естетичному ідеалі тих чи інших рис людської тілесності і духовності. У дослідженні викладено в порівняльній інтерпретації найвідоміші і найпоширеніші теоретичні підходи до осмислення антропного виміру естетичного ідеалу. Визначено домінуючі фактори, що впливали на модифікацію антропного виміру естетичного ідеалу.

Description:

The problem of antropial measurement of an aesthetic ideal is little-studied in domestic and world science. The origin, formation and development of antropial measurement of an aesthetic ideal are shown in historical dynamics from antique times up to the beginning of the ХХ centuary. The objective tendencies and regularities of dominance in an aesthetic ideal of those or other features of human body and human spirituality are determined. The most known and widespread theoretical approaches to the understanding of antropial measurement of an aesthetic ideal are stated in comparative interpretation. The predominant factors influencing to processes of supervised recently modification of concept “ideal”. Antiquity - the first historical and cultural epoch, where the antropial measurement of an aesthetic ideal, which was not canonized and, thus, had a possibility of development and theoretical substantiation. In epoch of antiquity the aesthetic, art critical and generally ideological fundamentals of the European art are laid. The development of an aesthetic ideal of New and Newest time went by extremely fast rates. However it is necessary to accent, that exactly in epoch of New time the principle of separation of antropial ideal on two components - spiritual (content) and bodily (appearance) - is founded and the aesthetic criteria of their appraisal are formed. However in the aesthetics of romanticism the idea of unique, perfect as original in the antropial ideal, that later will be developed and fixed in the aesthetic practice of modernism began to strengthen itself. During the ХІХ century some of the basic dominating style direction changes : classicism, empire, romanticism, sentimentalism, biedermeier (in Germany), secession, and at last, impressionism, symbolism, modern and eclecticism. Such fleeting of styles testifies about the acceleration of rate of changes of aesthetic ideals. Besides, the author of dissertation marks, that on an extent of ХІХ century the tendency of unification of the aesthetic of the man - both in the social - structural plan , and in washing out of complexity of an aesthetic ideal, which is characteristic for previous epoch (the fashion always testified to the certain social status or even an occupation) appreciably has amplified. One more tendency, in opinion of the author of the dissertation, consists in the internationalization in the limits of the West-European aesthetics of sights on beauty of the man and on principles of creation or improvement of this beauty. There is geographical "alignment" of an antropial ideal of the beauty. To the beginning ХХ an item these tendencies have got bright expression, which for the researchers finally has formulated new understanding of an aesthetic ideal as result of industry of beauty, which will amplify in conditions индустриально advanced and постиндустриального of the West-European society(community). Besides rough development of advertising industry amplified(strengthened) by opportunities of a photo, the cinema, аудио carriers of the information, has caused a basic new situation in the aesthetics of the man, when he becomes an auxiliary element, decor, in particular in advertising of the goods, and loses the self-value. The person of ХХth century has become to be understood not simply as microspace, originality, uniqueness (it was already in ХІХth century too), but as embodiment of spirit of the universe, and therefore - boundless in the spiritual perfecting.

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