Професійне вокальне мистецтво Закарпаття другої половини ХХ – початку ХХІ століття в аспекті міжкультурної комунікації

Данканич, Ганна Михайлівна

Професійне вокальне мистецтво Закарпаття другої половини ХХ – початку ХХІ століття в аспекті міжкультурної комунікації

Данканич, Ганна Михайлівна

URI: http://elib.nakkkim.edu.ua/handle/123456789/2406

Date: 2019

Abstract:

У роботі з’ясовано сутність явища міжкультурної комунікації як чинника становлення вокального професіоналізму на Закарпатті, обґрунтовано необхідність дослідження педагогічної та виконавської діяльності співаків краю у музикознавчому, історичному та соціологічному аспектах. Охарактеризовано основні етапи становлення професійного вокального мистецтва Закарпаття у межах 20-х років ХХ – початку ХХІ століття. В інтеграції засад регіональної культури Закарпаття і країн Європи виокремлено значення доцентрової та відцентрової тенденцій. Основні рушійні чинники розвитку фахової майстерності закарпатських співаків розкрито через аналіз особливостей їхнього творчого почерку на основі виявлення впливів європейських вокальних шкіл; з’ясовано змістову сутність репертуару закарпатських виконавців та розкрито вплив інонаціонального середовища на рецепцію нотного матеріалу. На основі проаналізованих джерел доведено, що в аспекті пізнання регіональної традиції Закарпаття має своє неповторне мистецьке обличчя саме завдяки здійсненню процесів міжкультурної комунікації.

Description:

In the thesis the essence of the phenomenon of intercultural communication as a factor of the formation and development of professional vocal art in Transcarpathia is clarified, the necessity of research of vocal-pedagogical and performing activities of Transcarpathian singers in musicological, historical and sociological aspects is substantiated. The chronological boundaries of the scientific research cover the period of the second half of the XX – the beginning of the XXI century. One of the most pressing problems of our time is the negative influence of globalization processes, which unify the differences between nations, making the continuation of the unique cultural and artistic traditions quite impossible. The opposition to such influence are contemporary researches of the cultural region science. During the complex analysis of professional vocal art of Transcarpathia in the field of intercultural communication the effectiveness of methodological approaches of this perspective scientific direction (namely, the use of historical-typological, source-research, aesthetic-cultural, genrestylistical and analytical methods) has been proved. In the relationship between Europe and Transcarpathia, the importance of centripetal and centrifugal tendencies is singled out. In many cases, the experience and knowledge acquired in Europe served the development of vocal art in the Transcarpathia itself (the best example would be performing and pedagogical activity of Vira Romishovska). The centrifugal tendency of the development of artistic ties between Transcarpathia and Europe can be viewed from a different angle. Being masters of high class and working abroad, Transcarpathian vocalists also enriched the European culture: they presented a professional level of performing arts (Georgina von Benza) and educated whole generations of promising European singers (Andriy Zador). In the thesis the main stages of the formation of professional vocal art in Transcarpathia within the 20th years of the XX – the beginning of the XXI century are described. The determining factor for the intensive development of the musical culture of the region in the second half of the XX century was the establishment of centers for professional music education. Despite the fact that a short time distance hinders the objective assessment of artistic processes, it has been proved that Uzhhorod State High Music School named after D. E. Zador (today it’s called Uzhhorod Musical College named after D. E. Zador) is the most important center for providing professional music education in Transcarpathia since its foundation. Despite the fact that the specified institution is an intermediate link in the professional growth of artists, it is of great importance for their future creative destiny. The education of artists of European significance (Gizela Tsipola, Andriy Aleksyk, Georgina von Benza, Petro Matiy etc.) was the result of the tireless work of teachers of the institution, whose activities are also considered in the conceptual field of intercultural communication. On the basis of the analyzed material it is proved that in the aspect of cognition of the regional tradition Transcarpathia has its unique artistic personality precisely due to the implementation of the processes of intercultural communication. They became a favorable ground for the education of a large number of outstanding personalities that influenced the development of professional vocal art in the region (Petro Matiy, Mariya Zubanych, Oksana Ilynitska-Kharhalis, Nadiya Pidgorodska) and presented their performing skills abroad, gaining recognition in many countries of the world (Gizela Tsipola, Andriy Aleksyk, Vasyl Stefutsa, Victor Moshany, Georgina von Benza, etc.). In the research the main factors of the development of professional skills of the Transcarpathian singers were discovered through an analysis of the peculiarities of their creative style on the basis of detecting the influences of European vocal schools; an attempt to clarify the content of the repertoire of Transcarpathian artists and to find out the influence of the foreign media on the reception of the musical material was made. The tested results of the research will contribute to the deepening of historical knowledge of the development of vocal art in the conceptual field of intercultural communication. The materials of the thesis can be useful for the further study of the history of professional vocal art of Transcarpathia.

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