Models of modern cultural research

Abstract

CONCLUSIONSThe work reveals a paradigmatic foundation and an algorithm of research of promising methods of cultural studies which are focused on solving pressing social and humanitarian problems of our time.1. In the framework of the theory of systems, social and cultural objects were classified according to a number of criteria (the nature of the elements, their origin, variability of properties, degree of complexity, attitude to the external environment, reaction of influence, models of human behavior, etc.). Particular attention was paid to the synergetic research model, with the help of which natural phenomena and processes (including social and cultural ones) are studied on the basis of the principles of self-organization of complex systems. From the perspective of systems theory, a synergistic model of cultural development was developed, as well as an algorithm for studying the problem of intercultural interaction.2. The specificity of the structural method and its modifications (structural-functional, structural-typological, structural-psychological methodology) was considered. Appearing within of structural linguistics, this methodology has been transferred to the field of culture. It makes it possible to comprehend the meaning of social and cultural phenomena by differentiating an object into constituent elements, studying the properties of each of them, as well as the relationships between them. The modern structural methodology, supplemented by strategies of functional, typological, psychological methods, allows to study the functional relationships of the elements of the investigated 52 objects, classify objects according to the selected criterion, and analyze the structure of the human psyche. Attention was also focused on immanent methods of culturological research (cross-cultural method, dialogue method, method of reconstructing the cultural system) that allow solving the problems of modern cultural studies.