Трансформація музичної фольклорної традиції у середовищі української діаспори Північної Америки: історико-виконавський аспект

Федорняк, Наталія Богданівна

Трансформація музичної фольклорної традиції у середовищі української діаспори Північної Америки: історико-виконавський аспект

Федорняк, Наталія Богданівна

URI: http://elib.nakkkim.edu.ua/handle/123456789/2412

Date: 2020

Abstract:

У роботі досліджується музична фольклорна традиція у середовищі української діаспори Північної Америки та процеси її трансформації в контексті проблеми збереження національної ідентичності. Представлено функціонування цього соціокультурного феномена як системного утворення, складовими якого є сфери автентичного, професійного і масового виконавства (виконавський фольклоризм); музично-фестивального руху; збору, запису та транскрипції музичного фольклору українців США і Канади, його дослідження науковцями українського походження; представлення традиційного народного музичного мистецтва українців засобами звукозапису, функціонування музичної народно-інструментальної культури, публікації нотних збірників, що дозволило відтворити динаміку його розвитку упродовж ХХ ст. – початку ХХІ ст. на території Північної Америки.

Description:

The thesis studies the directions and essence of transformation of musical folklore tradition in the environment of Ukrainian diaspora of North America. The author also considers the functioning of this sociocultural phenomenon at the level of recording and transcription of the musical folklore of the USA and Canada; its research by well-known Canadian and American scholars; publications of folk music collections and development of folk-instrumental music, fixation in sound recordings; transformation of musical and folklore tradition in academic and variety performance through performing folklore, a folklore and festival movement, which together allowed to reproduce the dynamics of development of Ukrainian musical folklore tradition in North America during the 20th – beginning of the 21st century. In order to study and promote the Ukrainian cultural heritagе the Ukrainians of the USA and Canada created a network of Ukrainian institutions of scientific and educational, archival and museum, cultural directions, established the issue of periodical and scientific publications, grants, etc. An important form of preserving the Ukrainian folklore tradition in the USA and Canada is the sheet music publication – folklore collections (Zynovii Lysko’s ten-volume anthology «Ukrainian Folk Melodies», publication of field studies by R. Klymash), genre of folk song processing. Folk-instrumental music is an important component of the preservation of the Ukrainian musical and folklore tradition. The favorite instruments of the Ukrainian Diaspora were cymbals and bandura, the traditional models of which were perfected by masters of the diaspora. Musical folklore of Ukrainians of the USA and Canada at the end of 19th – beginning of the 21st centuries prevails in composer and performance work (as folklorism) because it is outside its natural environment. Performing folklore, in particular ethnographic and arranged (by B. Lukaniuk), is a manifestation of the transformation of musical folklore tradition in academic and variety stage performance in the Ukrainian diaspora of North America, in particular in the activities of soloists and ensembles, in particular through its transformation and combination with different styles, directions and genres of mass music, mainly pop and rock. Sound recording is one of the important forms of transmission of the Ukrainian music tradition in North America. Priority genres of the reconstructed authentic Ukrainian folklore repertoire recorded by country musicians and choirs are traditional instrumental songs and ritual dramatic compositions, as well as popular folk songs with instrumental accompaniment, epic repertoire represented by bandura performance. Arranged folk material is represented by choral (processing of lyrical, joking, calendar-ritual songs) and bandura (carols, processing of rifle, lyric, joking, satirical songs) sound recordings. They also include a considerable number of records, cassettes, disks of vocal-instrumental pop ensembles and soloists (processing of different genre folk songs, instrumental ceremonial and dance melodies), where secondary Ukrainian folklore is stylistically diverse. An integral component of the characteristics of the musical folklore culture of Ukrainians in the North American Diaspora is the festival movement. The organizers' main focus is on the transmission of Ukrainian folk and dance traditions, as well as other cultural components of Ukrainian folk art, which positively influences the process of revival, preservation and development of Ukrainian cultural heritage, promoting its popularization among the young generation of American Ukrainians. Thus, the dynamics of transformation of the musical folklore tradition among the Ukrainians of the North American Diaspora were studied and substantiated in accordance with the historical stages of their emigration during the late 19th and early 21st centuries in the thesis for the first time.

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